Universities vs. research institutes? Overcoming the Soviet legacy of higher education and research

Abstract Universities and non-university research institutes have been recognised as two key sectors producing globally. The Soviet model of organisation included a large network institutes, affiliated with the USSR Academy Sciences republican academies, well industry sectoral ministries. played minor role in research. Post-Soviet higher education systems went through reforms last three decades which led to changes patterns knowledge production. This study offers an overview bibliometric analysis 319410 publications journals indexed Web Science database examine how selected post-Soviet countries overcome legacy organisational separation While universities now produce bulk output countries, majority national contexts, Academies continue be important players